The appellant, Balram Kumar, was convicted and sentenced under Sections 7 and 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act for demanding and accepting a bribe of ₹2,000 to issue a birth certificate. The conviction was based on evidence that included a trap laid by the police, where the appellant's hands turned pink after washing with a solution that reacted to phenolphthalein powder, indicating he had handled the tainted money. The appellant appealed against the conviction, arguing that the trial court erred in appreciating the material placed before it. The trial court had found the prosecution's case to be reliable and corroborated by multiple witnesses. The appellant's defence of enmity with the informant was not found probable by the trial court.